Free · with audio
Spanish verb conjugation
The 43 most useful verbs in nine tenses and moods: tables with audio, notes, examples and a trainer. Choose a verb to open its page with every form.
- 43 verbs
- 9 tenses and moods
- Audio
- Examples
- Trainer
Verbs
From the key ones (ser, estar, tener, ir, hacer) to stem-changers and reflexive verbs. Each has its own page with every tense.
Showing 43 of 43
Key verbs
Ser and estar, haber for compound tenses, tener, ir and hacer — learn these first.
Regular -ar verbs
The biggest group: know hablar and you can conjugate thousands of verbs.
Regular -er verbs
The model is comer: endings -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en.
Regular -ir verbs
The model is vivir: only nosotros and vosotros differ from -er verbs.
Stem-changing verbs
E → ie, o → ue, e → i when stressed: pienso, puedo, pido — but pensamos, podemos, pedimos.
- pensarto thinkyo pienso · yo he pensado
- quererto want; to loveyo quiero · yo he querido
- podercan, to be ableyo puedo · yo he podido
- volverto come back, to returnyo vuelvo · yo he vuelto
- dormirto sleepyo duermo · yo he dormido
- pedirto ask for; to orderyo pido · yo he pedido
- jugarto playyo juego · yo he jugado
- empezarto begin, to startyo empiezo · yo he empezado
- entenderto understandyo entiendo · yo he entendido
Irregular verbs
A special yo form (digo, conozco), a preterite in -uv-, -j-, -is- and their own future stems.
- decirto say, to tellyo digo · yo he dicho
- venirto comeyo vengo · yo he venido
- ponerto putyo pongo · yo he puesto
- saberto know; canyo sé · yo he sabido
- salirto go out, to leaveyo salgo · yo he salido
- darto giveyo doy · yo he dado
- verto see; to watchyo veo · yo he visto
- conocerto know, to meetyo conozco · yo he conocido
- traerto bringyo traigo · yo he traído
- oírto hearyo oigo · yo he oído
- leerto readyo leo · yo he leído
- conducirto driveyo conduzco · yo he conducido
Reflexive verbs
With the pronouns me, te, se, nos, os: me llamo, me levanto, me acuesto.
Nothing found. Try the infinitive or the translation.
Tenses and moods
Nine forms that take you to B1. Names in Spanish, as in textbooks; the example verb is hablar.
Your browser can’t read this language aloud — try Chrome, Safari or Edge.
Presente
Present
What happens now or regularly: hablo español, trabajo en un banco.
How it’s formed: Stem + endings: -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an (-ar); -o, -es, -e, -emos / -imos, -éis / -ís, -en (-er / -ir).
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite
A completed action in a past cut off from now: ayer, el año pasado — Ayer hablé con Ana.
How it’s formed: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron (-ar); -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron (-er / -ir). Irregular: fui, tuve, hice…
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect
Description, habit or background in the past: De niño vivía en Odesa y jugaba al fútbol.
How it’s formed: -aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -aban (-ar); -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían (-er / -ir). Exceptions: ser, ir, ver.
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect
An action in an unfinished period, or experience: Hoy he trabajado mucho. ¿Has estado en España?
How it’s formed: Haber in the present (he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han) + participle.
Pluscuamperfecto
Pluperfect
What happened before another past action: Cuando llegué, ya habían cenado.
How it’s formed: Haber in the imperfect (había, habías…) + participle.
Futuro simple
Future
What will happen: Mañana lloverá. In speech, ir a + infinitive is common: Voy a llamar.
How it’s formed: Infinitive + -é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án. Irregular stems: tendr-, har-, dir-, podr-, sabr-…
Condicional simple
Conditional
Polite requests and hypotheticals: ¿Podría ayudarme? Yo en tu lugar no iría.
How it’s formed: Future stem + -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían.
Subjuntivo presente
Present subjunctive
After expressions of wishes, doubt, feelings and advice: Quiero que vengas. Ojalá haga sol.
How it’s formed: The yo stem without -o + the “opposite” endings: -e (-ar), -a (-er / -ir): hable, coma, tenga.
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative
Requests, advice, orders: ¡Habla más alto! ¡Venid aquí!
How it’s formed: Tú — like él in the present (habla), vosotros — infinitive minus -r plus d (hablad), usted and ustedes — from the subjunctive.
Regular verb endings
The present of three models: hablar (-ar), comer (-er), vivir (-ir). Most verbs follow one of them.
Spanish usually drops the subject pronoun: hablo — “I speak”, hablamos — “we speak”. The ending shows the person.
Practice
A verb, a person and a tense — choose the right form. 10 questions on every verb in the guide.
Choose the form
FAQ
Didn’t find your answer? Send us a request — we’ll tell you everything.
How many tenses does Spanish have?
The indicative has 10 tenses, plus the subjunctive, conditional and imperative moods. Up to B1, nine forms cover everyday speech: present, preterite (indefinido), imperfect, present perfect, pluperfect, future, conditional, present subjunctive and imperative — all of them in every verb’s tables.
What are the Spanish verb groups?
By the infinitive ending there are three conjugations: -ar (hablar), -er (comer) and -ir (vivir). Each has regular verbs, stem-changers (pensar — pienso) and irregular verbs (tener — tengo, tuve). Reflexive verbs in -se are learnt separately.
What’s the difference between the indefinido and the perfecto?
Both describe completed past actions. The indefinido is for a past cut off from now (ayer, el año pasado): Ayer comí paella. The perfecto (he comido) is for a past connected to now (hoy, esta semana, ya, nunca): Hoy he comido paella. Latin America uses the indefinido more.
How can I learn conjugation quickly?
Start with ser, estar, tener, ir and hacer, then the endings of the three models (hablar, comer, vivir) in the present and preterite. Learn irregular verbs by pattern: vowel change, yo in -go, preterite in -uv-. Say the forms aloud and practise with the trainer on this page.
What’s next
Spanish irregular verbs
The present, preterite and participle of irregular verbs in one table — with search and a trainer.
See the table50 most common Spanish words
The 50 most common Spanish words with audio, examples and exercises.
See the wordsSpanish level test
Grammar, vocabulary and reading from A1 to C1 — and your Spanish level.
Take the test
Grammar for this topic
Rules in plain words — with tables, examples and a quiz in every topic.
The present tense (presente)
Hablo, como, vivo — the endings of the three conjugations, pienso and puedo, tengo and conozco.
Level A1Pretérito indefinido: hablé, comí
Ayer hablé con Ana, el año pasado fui a Madrid — completed actions in the past.
Level A2Pretérito imperfecto: hablaba, comía
De niño vivía en Odesa y jugaba al fútbol — habits, descriptions and background in the past.
Level A2The present subjunctive: quiero que vengas
Quiero que vengas, ojalá llueva, cuando llegues: forming the subjunctive and when you need it.
Level B1
Next step
Keep learning with a mini-course
Short online courses by Slay School teachers: a 15-minute lesson a day with audio, exercises and dialogues, and the words you forget come back on their own.
- Day 1 is free
- 15 minutes a day, at your own pace
- Every word has audio
- Lifetime access once paid
All you need to start is an email or a Google account.