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Turkish grammar · Level A1–A2

Possessive suffixes: evim

“My”, “your”, “his” in Turkish are suffixes: evim — my house, araban — your car, evi — his house. You can also name the owner in the genitive: benim evim, Ali’nin evi. “I have” works the same way: Arabam var. — I have a car.

Suffixes for every person

The suffix vowel is one of four (ı, i, u, ü), by harmony. After a vowel the suffix loses its first vowel: arabam, araban, and the 3rd person adds s: arabası. “Their” is -ları / -leri: evleri — their house (or his houses); when onların names the owner, plain evi is common too.

Ev (house), araba (car), okul (school)
Whoseevarabaokul
benimevimarabamokulum
seninevinarabanokulun
onuneviarabasıokulu
bizimevimizarabamızokulumuz
sizinevinizarabanızokulunuz
onlarınevleriarabalarıokulları
  • Annem öğretmen, babam doktor.My mum is a teacher, my dad is a doctor.
  • Telefonun nerede?Where’s your phone?

Tip: K → ğ applies here too: çocuk → çocuğum, kitap → kitabım, renk → rengi.

The genitive: Ali’nin evi

The owner comes first with -ın / -in / -un / -ün (after a vowel -nın), and the thing second with the “his” suffix: Ali’nin arabası — Ali’s car, kapının rengi — the colour of the door. Pronouns: benim, senin, onun, bizim, sizin, onların.

  • Otelin adı ne?What’s the name of the hotel?
  • Bu Ayşe’nin çantası mı?Is this Ayşe’s bag?

Türk kahvesi: “what kind of thing”

If the first word isn’t an owner but a type (what coffee? Turkish), there’s no genitive — just the “his” suffix on the second word: Türk kahvesi — Turkish coffee, otobüs durağı — bus stop, doğum günü — birthday. Hundreds of sign names are built this way.

  • İki Türk kahvesi, lütfen.Two Turkish coffees, please.
  • Otobüs durağı nerede?Where’s the bus stop?

“I have”: arabam var

There’s no verb “to have”. You say “my car exists”: Arabam var. — I have a car. Kardeşim yok. — I have no brothers or sisters. Question: Çocuğunuz var mı? — Do you have children?

  • Bir sorum var.I have a question.
  • Hiç param yok.I have no money at all.

Common mistakes

The mistakes people make most often — and the right way.

  • Wrong: arabaım

    Right: arabam

    After a vowel: just -m.

  • Wrong: arabai

    Right: arabası

    3rd person after a vowel: -sı.

  • Wrong: Ali’nin araba

    Right: Ali’nin arabası

    The thing needs -sı too.

  • Wrong: Ben bir araba var.

    Right: Benim bir arabam var.

    “I have” is benim + suffix + var.

Possessive suffixes: evim, Ali’nin evi

Quiz

10 questions: choose the right option — the explanation appears straight away.

  1. Question 1

    Benim _____ büyük. (ev)

  2. Question 2

    Senin _____ nerede? (araba)

  3. Question 3

    Ali’nin _____ kırmızı. (araba)

  4. Question 4

    Bu kimin çantası? — _____ çantası.

  5. Question 5

    Bizim _____ çok güzel. (okul)

  6. Question 6

    İki Türk _____, lütfen. (kahve)

  7. Question 7

    Benim iki _____ var. (kardeş)

  8. Question 8

    Sizin _____ var mı? (çocuk)

  9. Question 9

    Otelin _____ ne? (ad)

  10. Question 10

    Onların _____ İzmir’de. (ev)

Correct: 0 of 10

FAQ

Didn’t find your answer? Send us a request — we’ll tell you everything.

Do I have to say benim?

No: evim already means “my house”. Add benim for emphasis or contrast: **Benim** evim küçük, **senin** evin büyük.

How do I tell evi “his house” from evi (accusative)?

From context: Evi büyük. — His house is big. Evi gördüm. — I saw the house. After a vowel they differ: arabası (his car) and arabayı (the car, object).

What can follow a possessive suffix?

Any case ending, with an **n** after the 3rd person: ev**im**de — in my house, araba**sın**da — in his car, otel**in**e — to your hotel.

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